Penjelasan Tenses dan Contohnya

NAMA            : CLAUDIA CHINTAMI

NPM               : 12114456

KELAS           : 4KA23

MATKUL       : BAHASA INGGRIS BISNIS 2

TENSES

1.      Simple Present Tense

Simple present tense digunakan untuk menyatakan fakta, kebiasaan, dan kejadian yang terjadi pada saat sekarang ini.

Rumus :

(+) S + V1 (+es/s)+O                     
(-)  S + Do/Does + not +V1+O       
(?) Do/Does + S + V1?   

Contoh :

-          She doesn’t know the answer

-          We study together every Friday

-          Do you know how to get there ?

-          She likes him

-          I always eat breakfast at 7.00 o’clock

2.      Present Continuous Tense

Present Continuous Tense adalah pola kalimat yang digunakan untuk sesuatu yang sedang berlangsung saat ini.

Rumus :

(+) S + am/is/are + Ving+O              
(-)  S + am/is/are + not + Ving+O   
(?) Am/is/are + S + Ving+O ?            

Contoh :

-          She is crying in the mall

-          He is singing her favorite song

-          She is not listening her mother

-          Are you still working for the same company ?

-          She is not going to the mall

3.      Present Perfect Tense

Present perfect tense adalah pola kalimat yang terjadi pada masa lampau dan masih berpengaruh hingga sekarang.

Rumus :

(+) S + have/has + V3+O               
(-)  S + have/has + not + V3+O     
(?) Have/has + S + V3+O ?             

Contoh :

-          I still have the money that you given to me

-          She hasn’t finished the homework

-          They haven’t met before

-          Have you ever eaten in that place ?

-          You have gone for too long

4.      Simple Past Tense

Simple past tense digunakan untuk menyatakan kegiatan yang terjadi di masa lampu.

Rumus :

(+) S + V2 + O                         
(-)  S + did + not + V1 +  O    
(?) Did + S + V1 + O              

Contoh :

-          I didn’t watch your performance last night

-          She called her mom yesterday

-          Did you bring your money ?

-          I met him two weeks ago

-          He played the music too load last night.

5.      Past Continuous Tense

Past continuous tense digunakan untuk menyatakan peristiwa yg sedang terjadi, tetapi bukan sedang terjadi sekarang melainkan terjadi ‘dulu’ sudah lewat.

Rumus :

(+) S + was/were + Ving + O            
(-)  S + was/were + not + Ving +O 
(?)  Was/were + S + Ving + O         

Contoh :

-          She was watching her favorite telenovela, while her friend came.

-          They were practicing really hard for their competation.

-          He wasn’t studying, and He failed the test.

-          You were playing our favorite song

-          Was she still reading while her father called her?

6.      Past Perfect Tense

Past perfect tense digunakan untuk menunjukan peristiwa yang terjadi dimasa lampau dan terus berlangsung ataupun selesai dimasa lampau berikutnya.

Rumus :

(+) S + Had + V3            
(-)  S + Had + not + V3
(?)  Had + S + V3          

Contoh :

-          He had gone before you came.

-          The train had just left when I arrived at the station

-          Rezka had finished his homework.

-          We had already started cooking

-          Hadn’t you finished the test ?

7.      Future perfect tense 

Future perfect tense adalah tense yang digunakan untuk menyatakan suatu peristiwa yang akan telah selesai dilakukan pada waktu tertentu atau sebelum perbuatan lain terjadi di masa mendatang. 

Rumus :

(+) S + Will + Have + V3          
(-)  S + will + not + have + V3   
(?) Will + S + have + V3         

Contoh:

-          I will have finished in an hour so I can go to the mall with you

-          He will have arrived at 7.00 pm

-          We will not have met her

-          Will She have finished read the book ?

-          They will have left the café

8.      Conditionall Sequence

Conditional senquence (kalimat pengandaian) merupakan kalimat menyatakan suatu tindakan atau peristiwa yang hanya akan terjadi jika syaratnya terpenuhi. Conditional sentence digunakan untuk menyatakan suatu peristiwa atau tindakan yang mungkin atau tidak mungkin terjadi.

Ø  Conditional Sentence Type 1

Dalam conditional sentence type 1, peristiwanya belum terjadi sehingga sangat mungkin terjadi apabila syaratnya terpenuhi. Kalimat ini digunakan untuk membicarakan situasi yang belum terjadi di masa sekarang dan akan terjadi di masa depan jika syaratnya terpenuhi.

Rumus:

If + Simple Present + will + verb1

Contoh:

-       If it rains, He will take his umbrella

-       If I pass the exams, I will buy you food.

-       If you invite me, I will come to your party,

-       If you study really hard, you will get the high score

-       If it doesn’t rain, She will go to the mall

Ø  Conditional Sentence Type 2

Conditional sentence type 2 digunakan untuk menyatakan peristiwa yang tidak mungkin terjadi karena syaratnya tidak mungkin terpenuhi. Kalimat ini digunakan untuk membicarakan fakta yang bertolak belakang dengan masa sekarang.

Rumus:

If + past tense + would + verb1

Contoh:

-       If it rained, He would take his umbrella

-       If I were you, I would be very angry

-       If I were superman I would fly to the moon

-       If I passed the company entrance test, I would treat you a plate of steak.

-       If I got scholarship, I would continue my study in London.

Ø  Conditonal Sentence Type 3

Kalimat pengandaian (conditional sentence) tipe 3 adalah kalimat yang mengandaikan sesuatu yang sudah terjadi dan tidak terjadi di masa lalu. Tipe kalimat ini biasanya digunakan untuk menyatakan suatu penyesalan. Fakta yang diungkapkan dalam kalimat pengandaian ini adalah bahwa apa yang diandaikan tidak pernah terjadi di masa lalu.

Rumus:

If + past perfect + would + have + verb3

Contoh:

-       If He had studied hard, he would have passed the exam.

-       If I had finished my study, I would have worked at big company.

-       If I had locked the car, the thief would not have stolen my car.

-       If I had studied English well, I would have got good score.

-       If my parents had been in Bandung, I would have visited them everyday.